Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools (1991)
- Docket
- 90-918
- Decided
- 1991-01-01
Summary
Question: Does Title IX allow recovery of monetary damages? Conclusion: Yes. Justice Byron R. White wrote the Court's unanimous decision, holding that monetary damages are available under Title IX because there is a presumption that any appropriate relief is available to remedy the violation of a federal right. In this case, back pay and prospective relief were not sufficient remedies. Justice Antonin Scalia wrote a special concurrence, stating that when causes of action are judicially implied, it is proper to imply limitations on the remedies for those actions as well.